Ayrshire Genomic Haplotypes
| Haplotype code | Description |
|---|---|
| AH1 | Ayrshire haplotype affecting fertility |
| AH2 | Ayrshire haplotype affecting fertility |
Haplotypes and Genetic Conditions
CDCB reports genetic variants and genomic haplotypes in Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Jersey and Holstein breeds.
Genomics and genotyping have allowed discovery of genetic variants that impact expression of specific phenotypic features. Sometimes this is a desired expression and in other cases, it is detrimental or even lethal.
Multiple genetic variants have been identified in specific dairy breeds. Official documentation from breed associations and CDCB contains codes that clarify an animal’s carrier status for identified genetic variants.
“Recessives” are the variants that are only expressed when the individual carries two copies of the gene. These will only occur when a mating has taken place between two parents that are either affected or carriers of the variant.
Because there have been different versions of DNA microarrays (chips) used to genotype animals over the years, not all chips contain the actual genetic variant. In that case, and when the exact variant is still unknown, a haplotype (larger strand of DNA bases that are inherited together) is used to identify the carriers or affected animals.
Brown Swiss Genetic Conditions
| Code | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| A | Recessive | Syndrome of arachnomelia and arthrogryposis (SAA; spiderleg) |
| A* | Recessive | Syndrome of arachnomelia and arthrogryposis (SAA) through DNA marker testing |
| TA | Tested free of SAA | |
| D | Recessive | Spinal dysmyelination (SDM) |
| D* | Recessive | Spinal dysmyelination (SDM) through DNA marker testing |
| TD | Tested free of SDM | |
| M | Recessive | Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) through affected offspring or gene test |
| M* | Recessive | SMA through DNA marker testing |
| TM | Tested free of SMA | |
| W | Recessive | Weaver syndrome (bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy) |
| W* | Recessive | Weaver syndrome through affected offspring |
| TW | Tested free of Weaver syndrome |
Brown Swiss Genomic Haplotypes
| Haplotype code | Description |
|---|---|
| BH2 | Brown Swiss haplotype affecting stillbirth |
| BH14 | Brown Swiss haplotype causing early pregnancy loss |
| BHD | Brown Swiss haplotype for SDM |
| BHM | Brown Swiss haplotype for SMA |
| BHP | Brown Swiss haplotype for polledness |
| BHW | Brown Swiss haplotype for Weaver syndrome |
Jersey Genetic Conditions
| Code | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| LL | Recessive | Limber leg |
| RVC | Recessive | Rectovaginal constriction |
Jersey Genomic Haplotypes
| Haplotype code | Description |
|---|---|
| JH1 | First Jersey haplotype affecting fertility |
| JHP | Jersey haplotype for polledness |
| JNS | Jersey Neuropathy with Splayed Forelimbs |
Holstein Genetic Conditions
| Code | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BD | Recessive | Bulldog |
| BL | Recessive | Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) |
| TL | Tested free of BLAD | |
| CV | Recessive | Complex vertebral malformation (CVM) |
| TV | Tested free of CVM | |
| DP | Recessive | Deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase (DUMPS) |
| TD | Tested free of DUMPS | |
| MF | Recessive | Mulefoot (syndactylism) |
| TM | Tested free of mulefoot | |
| PC | Dominant | Tested heterozygous polled |
| PO | Dominant | Observed polled |
| PP | Dominant | Tested homozygous polled |
| TP | Dominant | Tested free of the polled condition (horned) |
| RC | Recessive | Red hair color |
| B/R | Recessive | Black/red hair color |
| TR | Tested free of red hair color | |
| BY | Recessive | Brachyspina |
| TY | Tested free of brachyspina | |
| CD | Recessive | Cholesterol deficiency |
| TC | Tested free of cholesterol deficiency | |
| DR1 | Dominant | Tested Heterozygous for Dominant Red |
| DR2 | Dominant | Tested Homozygous for Dominant Red |
| TE | Tested free of Early Onset Muscle Weakness syndrome Official | |
| MW | Tested heterozygous for Early Onset Muscle Weakness syndrome | |
| MW2 | Tested homozygous of Early Onset Muscle Weakness syndrome |
Holstein Genomic Haplotypes
| Haplotype code | Description |
|---|---|
| HH0 | Holstein haplotype Associated with Brachyspina |
| HH1 | First Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HH2 | Second Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HH3 | Third Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HH4 | Fourth Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HH5 | Fifth Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HH6 | Sixth Holstein haplotype affecting fertility |
| HHB | Holstein haplotype for BLAD |
| HHC | Holstein haplotype for CVM |
| HHD | Holstein haplotype for DUMPS |
| HHM | Holstein haplotype for Mulefoot |
| HHP | Holstein haplotype for Polled mutation |
| HHR | Holstein haplotype for Red mutation |
| HDR | Holstein haplotype for Dominant Red |
| HBR | Holstein haplotype for Black/Red color |
| HCD | Holstein haplotype for Cholesterol deficiency |
| HMW | Holstein haplotype for Early Onset Muscle Weakness |